Is filaggrin produced by keratinocytes?
Filaggrin is produced by granular keratinocytes as a large precursor called profilaggrin, which consists of 10–12 filaggrin repeats flanked by single N- and C-terminal domains. Profilaggrin is the major component of the keratohyalin granules.
What is filaggrin function?
Filaggrin plays an important role in the skin’s barrier function. It brings together structural proteins in the outermost skin cells to form tight bundles, flattening and strengthening the cells to create a strong barrier.
What is the role of filaggrin in the epidermis?
Filaggrin is an essential protein for the correct formation and function of the skin barrier. Mutations in the FLG gene are responsible for ichthyosis vulgaris and are associated with a higher risk of developing AD, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy.
How is filaggrin formed?
During epidermal terminal differentiation, the ∼400 kDa profilaggrin polyprotein is dephosphorylated and rapidly cleaved by serine proteases to form monomeric filaggrin (37 kDa), which binds to and condenses the keratin cytoskeleton and thereby contributes to the cell compaction process that is required for squame …
How is filaggrin produced in the keratohyalin granule?
Filaggrin is produced by granular keratinocytes as a large precursor called profilaggrin, which consists of 10–12 filaggrin repeats flanked by single N- and C-terminal domains. Profilaggrin is the major component of the keratohyalin granules.
What is the role of filaggrin in atopic dermatitis?
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by defects in the epidermal barrier and keratinocyte differentiation. The expression of filaggrin, a protein thought to have a major role in the function of the epidermis, is downregulated.
Where do keratinocytes originate in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes represent the major cell type of the epidermis, the outermost of the layers of the skin, making up about 90 percent of the cells there. They originate in the deepest layer of the epidermis, the stratum basale and move up to the final barrier layer of the skin, the stratum corneum.
How does the keratinocyte help maintain the skin barrier?
A number of structural proteins ( filaggrin, keratin ), enzymes ( proteases ), lipids, and antimicrobial peptides ( defensins) contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin.
