What is the function of IL-4?
IL-4 has an important role in regulating antibody production, hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the development of effector T-cell responses. It is produced only by a subset of activated hematopoietic cells, including T cells and Fc epsilon R1+ mast cells and basophils.
What is the biological effect of IL-4?
IL-4 is a multifunctional cytokine with B-cell stimulatory and Th2-promoting properties. IL-4 can rescue B-cells from apoptosis, enhancing their survival,60 and is responsible for immunoglobulin isotype switching to IgG1 and IgE. A T-cell suppressor role for this cytokine has also been suggested.
What is the role of IL-4 in B cell activation?
IL-4 is a cytokine with pleiotropic activity in the immune system (22), and it plays an essential role in the activation of mature B cells as a cofactor for LPS, CD40L, and Ag stimulation to induce B cell differentiation, proliferation, and Ab secretion, mainly of IgG1 and IgE isotypes (22, 23).
What is the function of IL 5?
IL-5 is a primary growth factor for eosinophils and is produced by TH2 T lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells. As the major cytokine in eosinophil development, IL-5 induces eosinophil migration, activation, and survival (Corren et al., 2010; Slager et al., 2012).
What is the function of the interleukin 4 receptor?
IL4R is its human gene . This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cells, the encoded protein also can bind interleukin 4 to promote differentiation of Th2 cells.
Which is part of the IL-4 signaling pathway?
IL-4 Signaling Pathways IL-4 Receptor-Expressing Cells: T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, basophils, mast cells IL-4 Receptor-Expressing Cells: T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, basophils, mast cells Anti-Apoptotic Mitogenic
How is IL-4 produced in the immune system?
Overview of IL-4 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a glycosylated, type I cytokine with three intra-chain disulfide bridges that adopts a bundled four alpha-helix structure. It is primarily produced by T cells, natural killer T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils.
How does IL-4 bind to the IL-13 receptor?
The binding of IL-4 or IL-13 to the IL-4 receptor on the surface of macrophages results in the alternative activation of those macrophages. Alternatively activated macrophages (AAMΦ) downregulate inflammatory mediators such as IFNγ during immune responses, particularly with regards to helminth infections.
