What is V-ATPase?
V-ATPases are proton pumps that function to acidify intracellular compartments in all eukaryotic cells, and to transport protons across the plasma membrane of certain specialized cells.
Where are V-ATPases found?
Norepinephrine enters vesicles by V-ATPase. V-ATPases are also found in the plasma membranes of a wide variety of cells such as intercalated cells of the kidney, osteoclasts (bone resorbing cells), macrophages, neutrophils, sperm, midgut cells of insects, and certain tumor cells.
What are V Class pumps?
These are having quite similar to F-pumps regarding their structure and function of proton pumping, but here the transport is against the proton electrochemical gradient. V-class proton pumps are also found in the plasma membranes of macrophages, osteoclasts and renal intercalated cells. …
Which type of ATPases are found in vacuoles?
Vacuolar-type proton pumping ATPase (V-ATPase), initially identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and plant vacuoles, is a ubiquitous enzyme responsible for H+ (proton) transport across membranes and acidification of cellular compartments in animals (see refs.
What happens when subunit C is released from the ATPase complex?
The release of subunit C from the ATPase complex results in the dissociation of the V1 and V0 subcomplexes, which is an important mechanism in controlling V-ATPase activity in cells. Essentially, by creating a high electrochemical gradient and low pH, this powers the enzyme to create more ATP.
Which is necessary for the Assembly of V-ATPase?
In addition to the structural subunits of yeast V-ATPase, associated proteins that are necessary for assembly have been identified. These associated proteins are essential for V o domain assembly and are termed Vma12p, Vma21p, and Vma22p.
What is role of 116kDa subunit in ATPase complex?
The 116kDa subunit is a transmembrane glycoprotein required for the assembly and proton transport activity of the ATPase complex. Several isoforms of the 116kDa subunit exist, providing a potential role in the differential targeting and regulation of the V-ATPase for specific organelles.
What is the function of the vacuolar-type ATPase?
Vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) is a highly conserved evolutionarily ancient enzyme with remarkably diverse functions in eukaryotic organisms. V-ATPases acidify a wide array of intracellular organelles and pump protons across the plasma membranes of numerous cell types.
